Engine governor



1947. M. MALLORY ENGINE GOVERNOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed march 1, 1945 /oFIGS: 5;.

INVENTO V Manon Nah/ Patented Feb. 18, 1947 12,416,110 ENGINE GOVERNORMarion Mallory, Detroit; Mich; Application Marc i, 1945 js'eriai rio.580350 .m .11 Claims." (01123 103) This invention relates 't'o'agovernor for contro ling the speed; of an internal combustion errglue,and more particularly toan engine "speed" governor which is actuated bychanges in the intake passageway pressure. 'j i It is the object'ofthisinventionto produce a governor for an internal combustion engine ofthe type actuated by changes in'the intake pas-' sageway pressure 'whichwill effectively control the-speed of the engine substantiallyfreefromsurging Fig. 1 is an elevation partly in my speed governor assembly. I

Fig. 2 is a detail of the centrifugal; air valve. 1.} a

Fig.3 is an enlarged detail showing a modified form of the centrifugalair bleed valve.

Fig. 4 is a detail of :a secondmodified form of centrifugalairbleedvalve.

Fig. 5 is a detail of the same form of centrifugal air bleed valve asshown in Fig. 4ibut provided with an orifice adjustable relative tothevalve.

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the valve housing and adjustable orifice,member.

.Fig. ,77- is a view similar to Fig.6 showingthe bleedsection\ showingreaches its governed speed, va1ve'26 will mo'meni tarily close againstvalve seat 3| thereby momen- Further; valve 26 serves"to*momentarilyclose air bleedorifice 28, but the instantthat valve 7 26 opens themetering or the air is accomplished 'by metering pin'2l. 'Thus; meteringpin 21 and opening 28 are correlated in cros's sectional area so thatthe clearance between metering 'pin'2'l and orifice 28 will always beless than" the clears ance between valve 26 and seat 3| except'whe'nvalve 26 isfully closed." As valvef26'momentarily orifice memberadjusted further inwardlythan I in Fig. 5. I g A The parts, of myenginegovernorassembly are referenced as follows: intake passageway 'Ihaving inlet opening'Z and outlet to the engine 3, governorvalve 4 ofthe butterfly type, governor valve shaft 5, tension spring 6 connectedto arm I whichis'fixed. on valve shaft 5, suction device 8, suctionchamber 9, fiexiblediaphragm III), rod I I connectingdiaphragm I0 witharm I, orifice I2 on the atmosphere side 'of valve 4. conduit I 3vconnecting orifice I2 with suction chamber 9, orifice I4, conduit I5connectingorifice I4 with suction chamber *9, conduit 16'' connectedinto conduits I3tand I5- and. connecting suctionchamber IIJwith-circumferential passagewayi'l and T passageway I8 in distributorshaft I9, valve housing 20 fixed on shaft I9; piston valve body 2|,tension spring 22, internally" threaded block 23 and adjusting screw 24which can .be' turned to move bl0ck23 to increase or decrease thetensiomof spring 22, by-pass. groove 25 in valve body 2|,valve'26,,.tapered metering pin 21, air bleed orifice 28 and orifice 29in distributor housing 30 through which the interior of the housing-:-

communicates with atmosphere, valve seat 3l.

Operation.-As shown in 'Fig. 1, the governor valve 4 is wide open andthe engine has not yet attained its governed speed. As the. engine" I2and I4 create a'dep'ression" or vacuum in chain-1 ber 51which-causes'diaphragm Ill to move toward theright and swing valve dtoward closed posiand in'housing 20 in back or onto the right of} valve26'and-valve"body 2I ,This suctionacts with tension spring =22 to openvalve "2| slightly" upon a slight decrease in the speed-of the-en ne"due to the partial (closing of valved. a a

'Asvalve 26 opens, metering pin fl immediately takes over themeter-ingot thea'ir bleed'thr'oiigh.

orifice 28.

26 movestoward closed position the more meterr Hing pin'fl restrictsorifice 28: Metering'pin 27,

valve 26 and valve body 2Ia're preferably'integral and in any event are'fixed together so that they move back and fort orlvacuum: behind vf'lvebody 2I cooperates with" spring- 22' to: open ,valve 26 so 'thatthevalve actually'rides the acuuin or air flow' through Orifice 23 and airleeds suction chamberssuffi; 1'

ciently sothat valve 4 will throttlethe charge in accordance 'wit' theload imposed upon the engineto maintan the speed of theengine free fromany susbtag tial-surging. ;If the load on the engine is even ppreciablyincreased, the speed ofthe engine will'onlydecrease slightlyth'erebycausing valve 26and metering pin- 21 to move.

to the right and thereby further bleed down. the

vacuum in chamber 9; If the load is decreased, then upon-only a slightincrease 'in the speed; of

the engine, 'valve 26and meteringpin 21 will move toward theleft-,and'decrease theairbleedf Since pin 21- is taperedgoi conical? thefurther valve 26 opens the; less; metering pin 21 restricts flowthroughorifice 28 and as'valvc- -as a/unit. The suction dially outwardfrom the axis of rotation,;the more 1 c 44 and finally shuts the sameofi conical or tapered'orifice I8.

to chamber 9, thereby causing diaphragm aill'to move valve '4 towardclose'd positionto' throttle the charge sufilciently to at itsgovernedspeed.

It is important that the metering of the air I maintain the engine 1charge hould be accomplished bya metering pinto meter the air through avalve such as 26,,then

the taper on the valve has tobe so acut'e'to'ob';

tainproper metering of the air bleed that the such as 21 and not byvalve 26. If oneattempts '3 valve will stick and cause undesirablesurging of I the engine speed. V l In Fig. 3 I have shown a modifiedformofpvalve; which accomplishes the same end as the valve j shown inFig. 2. In this form oi valvethe valve 1 housing is integral withtheistribu Shaft 7 i9 and the reciprocating valve II is provided with;

a tapered groove 42 which communicates with passageway 3 through apassageway 43 and with 1 atmosphere through airxbleed orifice 44 in thevalve housing. In this form 3 of the invention"? valve M functionslthesame as valve 2l, 18,21 1 in the principal form of theinvention. Orifice46 isshut oilwhen valve 41 abuts the end wall-Q5 of housing 41!. Taperedgroove or reliet'llcooperates with-orifice 44 to meteretheair bleed.when the valve 41 is retracted by spring 22 closest to theaxis ofrotation, then tapered groove- 42 does "not restrict the airflow throughorifice '44. The further centrifugal force moves valve .41 ra-,-

tapered groove restricts air fiowthrough orifice when valve 4| abuts the,outer emits onthe housing, v i e'y.

4| moves toward closed position against the ten sion of spring 221 andtheintake manifold sue-z tionapplied tothe rear. enact the valve.

In the modifiedform shown in Figs. 4 to 7, the 1 several parts ofthecentrifug'al air bleed valvemechanism are referenced as-followsz'housing 150 -j mounted on'distributor shaft -5l,-tensionspring -52 fixedat one end to the 'end'oi' the housing as 1 at, 53. andatthe-other endto, the valve body 54' as at.55, conical. valve EBfcan-iedbyvaIve body5i, conical valve seat 51 against which valve 56 seats,'tapered orifice58,.and cylindrical metering 1 "pin 59 carried by valve '56. Preferablypin 58, j valve ,56 and body, are integral. Orifice 58, in 3 theiormshown in Figs. 5, 6 and 7, is located in orifice member 80 which has athreaded fit il in chamber 62 0i valve housing 50. Compression, j,springtlis positioned'between orifice member andshoulder $4 and holdsorifice member 60: in-

itsadjusted position. Member to lszprovided with spaced notches 65 whichreceive a spanner wrench ioradjustin'g orifice member Gil with respectto valve 56 and pin 59.

vIn the form'of valve shown in Figs. 4 through 7, valve iiseats againstvalve seat 51 momentarily i to shut off air flow through orifice "58asj-the .en- 1 gine reaches its govemedspeed, but the -metering of theair fiow through orifice 58 is controlled entirely by cooperation ormetering pin and the valve 56 moves of! seat 51, air fiowsfthroughorifice 58, around pin 59 and'the'further toward the right pin 59 ismoved, Fig. .4, the greater-the efiec.-- I

tive size of orifice 58 and the greater the air flow; When housing 50is. rotating at a relatively slow speed, or when not rotating spring52-holds valve The instant that i body against seat 65. The governedspeed of the engine, can be altered by adjustingorifi ce mem- 2 owardtheright to the position shown in Fig. 7,

the governed speed of the engine will be lower a ber 60. If orificemember iiil is turnedjinwardly than orifice member 6|) is turnedoutwardly or toward the left, Fig. 5. In other words, the imther thatorifice member BI! is adjusted inwardly of chamber 62, the lower :theengine speed at which valve 56 will seat against seat 51 and shut oflthe air bleed to the suction device, and vice versa. ,Ihus, by thesimpleexpedient'of adjusting orifice member 60 with'respect to valve'56,I am able topcha'nge the {governed speed-of. the engine without i'n any'wise' adjusting 'orchanging the-stress-on, or tension of spring 52. t"I claim: a i

1. In an'internal combustion engine having an intake passageway, adevice for governing the speed of the'engine comprising a governor valve.for controlling the fiow of motive fluid through said passageway, adevice actuated by intake assageway suctionand having an:operativeconnection with said governor valve, a conduit connect ingsaiddevice into said passageway between the governor valve andthe'enginea valve housing, a

"conduit connecting said valve housing with the suction device, anorifice in said housing for bleed- .tering the fiuidfiow through said:orifice, said metering meansincreasingly restricting fluid flow through,the'fiuid bleed orifice Easthe valve moves 1 toward closed positionandidec'rasingly restrictinglfiuid bleed through said orificemoves-inthe opposite direction; c 2. In an internalcombustion-enginehaving an intake passageway, a device for governing the speed of theengine comprisinga governor valve forxcontrolling the now c'f 'motivefluid through said passageway, a-device actua'tedby intake passageway-suction and having an operative con nection with said governor.valve, a conduit connecting said device into said passageway between thegovernor valve and the engine, a valve. housing, a conduitconnectingsaid valve housing with the suction device,an orifice in saidhousing for J bleeding .fiuid into said conduit, a centrifugailyunbalanced piston in said housing responsive to changes in engine speed,a valve :carried by said piston and moving therewith solely ior closingsaid .oriiice as the engine exceeds its governed speed andfor'o'peningsaid orifice as theengine falls belowit's governed speed,and metering mearisfalso carried by said piston and co-acting with saidfluid bleed orifice solely for metering the fluid fiowthrough saidorifice, saidmetering means'increasingly restricting fiuid fiowthrough Ithe fiuid'bleed orificeas the valve moves toward closed position anddecreasinglyrestricting fiuid bleed throughsaid orifice as the valvemoves in the opposite direction. r

3. In an internalv combustion engine having an 'intakejpas'sageway; adevice for: governing the} speed ofthe engine comprising agovernor valvefor controlling the fiow of motive fiuid through 1 said passageway, adevice actuatedby' intake pas? sageway suctionyand having an operativecon- H nection with. said governor valve, a conduit con-- meeting saiddevice into said passageway between the governor valve and the engine,avalve 110115.

ing, a conduit connecting said valve "housing with .the suction device,anorifice in said housing 'for bleeding fiuid .into said conduit, avalve seat at as the valve ing said orifice as the enginezwhenrithe'lengiineifexedseitsoflovernlid sped ami airs J bsamrnmneepssid ,nrtenng eass ajeereesngese sire tives zrptsiiiahsiaimeseerases-sashes vt intake passa e a"; evice, overning thespeed oi the vernor; ,v,'a1ve sic:,cbntmHing-rth;idem.ot'iniotiveifiuidQthriifi'kh said passageway, adevice actuaiedibfiifithiktcpatfi Seaway aw r a a 1 nection swith' s' iitigbv'niuivilve, a cohduit' -cori; nectin'gfisaid device into saidjplt'ssagewaybetv en age-s l tive conspeed, a valve carried by saidpiston for seating I against said vaiveseat and serving solely forclosing said orifice when the engine exceeds its governed speed and foropening said orifice when tapered metering pin carried by said valve andalways projecting into said orificei'or metering the fluid now throughsaid orifice, said metering pin decreasing the effective size of saidfluid bleed the engine falls below its governed speed, and a orifice asthe valve moves toward closed position and increasing the effective sizeof said orifice as the valve moves in the opposite direction.

5. The combination as set forth in claim 4 wherein the valve andmetering pin areeach frusto-conical with the taper of the metering pinmore acute than that of the valve whereby the valve will notstick in thevalve seat upon'closing.

6. In an internal combustion engine having an intake passageway,afdevice for governing the speed of theengine comprising a governorvalve for controlling the flow of motive fluidthrough said passageway, adevice actuated by intake pas- 1 sageway suction .and having anoperative connection with said governor valve, a conduit connecting saiddevice into said passageway between the governor'valve and the engine,avalve housing, a conduit connecting said valve housing with the suctiondevice, an orifice in said housing for bleeding fluid into saidconduit,-a-centrii'ugally unbalanced piston in said housing responsiveto Sta stands t tre wwtdzpassagewaycbetween if? V? esifditheieniuenavalveihcusa-- isgpaaesu t ofrh ctingsaid valve housing-with" thesuction deyi e a nerifie t: n, "said N) n nsaeentmussny sauna ted;tifivg iir sii, ligating; mslpon'sive to d eiigiiiegp a; gsi gsaidmriifice fi'sitiit-bi in t t jqz er eg spsgdsmmsor phi! she thedengzne fai lpsgbeloggits ja diacent mamas a sis? said-orifidf-idr Heteri', r t anesthesia-sass? medita ng-avia a id a ir d-i t ,t'

, ffv e d t. F i- 1 i so. m sses: "'sistm ctiftiiizin iit'viiig'anintakepassageway, a device for governing the speed 01' the engine comprisinga-governor valve for controlling the flow o1 motive fluid through saidpassageway, aidevi'ce actuated by intake passageway suction and havingan operative connection with said governor valve, a, conduit connectingsaid device into said passagewaybetween the governor valve and theengine, a valve housing, a conduit connecting said'valve housing withthe suction device, an adjustable orifice member in said housing havingan orifice for bleeding fiuid into said conduit, a centrifugally unbal-,

anced valve in said housing responsive to changes ,i in engine speed forclosing saidorifice as the I engine exceeds its governed speed and foropen- Iing said orifice as the engine falls below its .govemed speed,housing responsive tochanges in engine speed and metering means in saidand co-acting with said fluid bleedoriflce for metering the fluid flowthrough said orifice, said metering means increasingly restricting fluidflow changes in engine speed, a b'y-pass passageway about said pistonwhereby when the orifice is open fluid can bleed through the orificeandby the piston into the conduit connecting the valvehousing with thesuction devim, a valve carried by said piston and moving therewithsolely for. closexceeds its governed speed and for opening said fallsbelow its governed speed, and metering means also carried by said pistonand co-acting with said fluid bleed orifice solely for metering thefluid fiow through said orifice, said metering means increasinglyrestricting fluid flow through the fluid bleed orifice asthe valve movestoward closed position and decreasinglyrestricting fluid bleed throughsaid orifice the opposite direction. e

7. In an internal combustion engine having an orifice as the engine asthe valve moves in" nection with said governor valve, a conduitconnecting said device into said passageway between the governor valveand the engine, a valve housing, a conduit connecting said valvehousingwith the suction device, an orifice member'in said 7 valve seattherein,

housing having a conical orifice and a conical the taper of the valveseat beinggreater than that or the conical orifice, a centrifugallyunbalanced piston in said housing responsive to changes in engine speed,a conical valve carried by said piston and moving therewith for seatingagainst said conical valve seat s s wavsagdcviceiaetuated,baintake paszouemwsmaivemwonduihconlasters spawns ig i h ine s01- comprising agovernor valve 7 throughsaid orifice asthe engine i j exceeds itsgoverned speed, andcylindrical me-' tering means carried by said valveand projecting into said tapered orifice forco-acting with said i I saidorifice,.sa1dcylindrical metering pin increasingly restricting fluidfiow through said tapered orifice as the valve moves toward closedposition and decreasingly restricting fluid flow through said orifice asthe valve moves in the opposite direction. V

10. The combination asset forth in claim -8 including: resilient meansopposing the closing a valve housing, a passageway leading from thesuction chamber of said suction device into said ;valve housing, anorifice member for said housing, a valve controlled in accordance withentapered orifice to meter the fluid .flow through 3 gine speed forcontrolling said orifice and the flow of air from said orifice throughsaid housing into said passageway, said valve tending to close said airinlet orifice; as the engine reaches its 1 governed speed whereby saidsuction device responds to intake passageway suction and moves thegovernor valve toward closed position, resilient means opposingtheclosing or said air bleed, valve, and..means for adjusting theorifice mem- .ber relative to'sa'id speed controlled valve whereby thegoverned speed of'the engine can, be changed 1 without adjusting thestress, on said resilient means. a

- v I I MARION MAL RY.

REFERENCES CITED v The following reference's are-otrecordin the I fileof this p aten'tzj 'Nu'mber Namef v Date- I r 2,381,550 Ma11'ory Aug. 7,1945 2,065,909 Rockwell Dec. 29, 1936 1,440,198 Wissing" DEC. 26,19221,835,333 Rasmussen et a1. Dec. 23,1931 2,359,485 Lowther Oct. 3, 1944NITED STATES PATENTS 1 Kittler July 20, L943

